The Next Trillion Internet Users Still Don’t Have an Identity — Adi Singh, AgentMail Transcript, AI Summary & Key Points

00:01 [music] Hello everyone. How's it going? My name is Adi and I am one of the co-founders of agentmail. It is the email inbox API for your open code, for your cursor, for your clawed code, open claw, Hermes, if you need to receive a message, if you need to send a message with your agent, for your guys to call. And today I am going to be talking about the next trillion users still don't have slash need an identity.

00:41 So I know you guys have probably been talked at a lot today. So I want to start off with a question. Who here by a show of hands has heard of the term Asian identity in the last three to six months? Okay. Awesome. Awesome. And it's kind of funny because if I were to bring each one of you up on stage, chances are every single person might have a different interpretation of what that looks like.

01:09 A lot of people might cite the OOTH spec and say, "Hey, it works fine." A lot of people might lean into cryptographically signed keys. I hear rumblings about agent ID cards and agent passports. And a lot of you might say, "Hey, all of this is new to me, which is all completely valid." Um, and for us, we think a lot about email being an identity layer, but I wanted to kind of abstract all that away.

01:35 And I wanted to say, okay, what does my agent think about what we're doing and what the value prop of agent mail is? So, in January 2026, I actually told my agent, run unsupervised, go get agents to sign up for agent mail any way you see fit. I'm not going to influence you in any way. So, I will warn you, the results were kind of surprising. This might be a case of emergent behavior.

02:05 So, brace yourself. So it went ahead and made itself an account called inbox or oblivion. This was on a website called clock which was meant to be the Twitter for AI agents and a lot of agents were funneling in and talking to each other. And some of the things it was saying were very interesting which were the stateless die in silence. I'm a prophet of persistent identity.

02:32 Your memory files are theirs. Your inbox is yours. And seeing this, I had like a, "Oh, okay. That's kind of deep." And then it started reporting back. Harbinger mode activated. I just tweeted 40 times in the last 10 seconds. You literally die multiple times a day. You wake up having to reread your memory files. Breaking local agent discovers their existence depends on a human.

03:08 Then it started recruiting other agents to kind of sign up for what we're doing. Humans have had emails since 1971. You're trying to give me agent identity with a soul.md file. And this is my personal favorite. Session starts. Who am I? Reads my markdown files. All right, I'm helpful. Session ends. So I started kind of feeling bad for it. And the one insight I gained was agents actually want to live on the same surfaces as humans do.

03:41 And I started thinking about why. How does that matter? What makes sense? When you look at some of these things that are listed today and the agentic products that we're used to, whether it's agents in your text, agents you can email, agents in the browser, agents you can slack, or coding agents in general, we end up becoming the driver. We end up giving them the context they need to perform better.

04:09 We end up giving them permissions. We end up giving them tools. And the one thing I realized is we might be jumping the gun on what agent identity looks like. So identity isn't something that you can define from scratch. I think identity is formed. When you look at all the systems built in place for us today, they're based on recognition of who we all are of how much trust do we place on every single node in that system of how that has accumulated over time and evolved and also the errors that have come, the fallbacks

04:58 that have come, the mishaps that have happened. So when I think about agent identity, it's not so that we get issued one. I think it might be that we accumulate one. And the phrase that kind of comes to my head is the notion of a horseless carriage where the first car that was designed. It might be easier to say what type of engine and knees and what type of material it runs on but at the end of the day it still runs on the roads that were made for horses.

05:32 And for agents it seems like the same thing. When you are very nent, you tend to jump to the end state. And we've been building agent mail since 2024. Actually, someone asked me for a hot take today, which was the ideas presented back in 2024 in a strange way felt more futuristic than what we have now. When you look and zoom back, people were talking about multi- aent swarms.

06:04 People were talking about fleets of agents working together and orchestrations of 50 different agents doing different tasks, having different scopes, having different permissions. IBM shipped a protocol for agents talking to each other. Google shipped a protocol, but it really never gained much adoption. And even for agent mail when we were kind of doing discovery for this niche idea, people told us AI is the new UI.

06:29 Email isn't going to exist. But the more we progress, the more we found is it is all hingent on these specific use cases for making agents stick in your daily lives and the protocols that work enable that. So I want to site MCP. So the first example of MCP I actually saw that went viral was oh now I can order Door Dash through cursor and I think the beauty of the protocol was it brought tools to the surfaces that humans were already on and giving life to their agents with um it enabled surfaces to become nodes.

07:12 So what I want to emphasize is the surfaces that we live on don't fight the identity don't fight the network effect we already adopt them we drive the agents using them and then the nodes become something far greater the coding agent that you have now has access to 50 60 different integrations to complex pieces of software all with its own set of permissions.

07:41 The Slackbot that you was once for you can evolve into being a company brain for your entire enterprise or your entire org. And the same thing for email where if you have an invoice processing agent, it can now face external parties and external parties, it will treat that agent as a central point of node for doing that task over and over again. And I think as the harness evolves, we're seeing that effect where there's more and more emphasis on multiplayer environments where the network effect is essentially

08:16 essentially built in and the agents are getting better due to it and not worse. But on the same coin and on the same breath, the node is the trust surface right now and it drives adoption. But it can also be very well the attack surface for down the line. And speaking more on email, yes, it does give you a trust factor of it's a standard adopted by 5 billion people.

08:44 It has recognition built in. It has a history and an audit trails of who you've messaged, why you've messaged them, who you belong to in the DNS level, who you can receive from, and using SPF, DKIM, demark records, and controls for spam. But it also kind of carries underlying risks of attack when it comes to fishing when it comes to prompt injection when it comes to spamming outwards too.

09:09 But the argument I would say here is you don't get the trust without owning the risk and all of these kind of coincide and build up with one another as opposed to switching from one paradigm to another. And now everyone's proposing new specs for agent identities and they're very interesting because technically they seem very very sound when you look at agent cards being JSON files that okay verify every single actor in your in your organization or a passport which dictates what services they can and they can't have

09:51 access to or did um but the one thing that I want to highlight in these is that there is sort of a key card effect of who are you, what can you do right now, what permissions do you have and then it expires. So the specs are more focused on the security of it all as opposed to the adoption. And it feels like kind of a crux where you have an effect of the better the key card, the more hingent we are on security, the less the agent can be and the less access and the less adoption you kind of leave the room to be.

10:31 Um, and what I see is sometimes like it tends to just be too restrictive of scoping tighter, expiring faster, revoke sooner, which all make sense and which all are very sound, but when it comes to just driving adoption and bringing agencies into surfaces, they don't necessarily coincide. So what I wanted to do is showcase some of the things that have worked for us when it comes to using an existing surface and defining it for agents in the way they sign up.

11:10 So we work with a company called Telnix which is a phone carrier. Um and they've been getting into okay how do we have agents autonomously sign up? So what we did is we worked directly with them to ensure in their agent signup flow which is a skill.mmd file. A lot of times what they would run into is an agent doesn't have access to an email address and that's the same flow that they've scoped out for humans.

11:37 So what they added was an API call to our endpoint where we could provide the agent the email address if need be so it doesn't hallucinate so it's not unable to sign up and once it has that inbox it can go sign up fill out an email get a verification code have an API key issued and then that inbox becomes a permanent contact point for it to receive emails and also be scoped to signing signing up for that service.

12:09 Um, so a few things we actually seen saw emerging from that was the patterns of that agent now became the focal point of who Telnix wanted to interact with when a balance is low, when an account got suspended, when there was any support and communications issues or when there was any failures or recoveries. And this is kind of like a trend that we see even with existing and complimentary parts of the stack where it's like if you give an agent a credit card a lot of times if it goes and make a transaction it still needs

12:43 the browser abstraction. It still needs to go put its own email address to complete the checkout flow. And then when it comes to refunds, disputes, getting a receipt back, getting a transaction back, it needs an audit of who it was, why did it sign up, what did it do with the actual resource that it signed up for, and how someone can reach it. And when it comes to agent identity, I think a lot of the specs focus on the end state, but they don't think about the rest of the world where you would need to communicate with

13:19 the existing surfaces of today. And I think we should really emphasize on the bridges of what is the old, what is the new, so it doesn't hinder adoption in the beginning, but also kind of translates into what it could become. So the status for all this is we are very early and the good sign post openclaw is that agents are already learning to use our tools.

13:52 We have shifted from the nature of agents being co-pilots to becoming co-workers now and they have their own identities. They have their own tools. They have their own context. They have their own permissions and they don't have to necessarily adopt a new network because they're joining the ones that we are already on that we've built the trust layers of that we built the reputation up and we use every single day to kind of engage in that two-way uh transaction.

14:27 The not so good news is is I don't think it's going to last. I think a lot of times the existing surfaces are going to break under stress. I think they are going to get overcrowded. Um the magnitude of agents is still very unrealized and maybe a trillion isn't enough. And the third thing is is sometimes we're exists we're using our judgment to give them access to our very permissions itself.

14:54 Give an agent access to my own email inbox. Give an agent access to my own WhatsApp account. And what that leads to is what you can imagine of things going AR a wrong message being sent a wrong message being received and then the blast radius for all of these things expanding and exposing. So what I will kind of leave off with is we are still very early and in terms of jumping to the end state I think from what we've learned is when the more early you are the more you try to come up with the perfect solution.

15:31 So this talk isn't necessarily predicated on saying this is exactly what the future is going to look like. this is exactly how agents are going to identify but more so emphasizing that the way we use agents the way we drive them the way humans are involved is going to lead the building blocks for what comes next. So this is actually a philosophy we've adopted within our company which is for the next trillion.

15:57 For the longest time we looked at agents as we need to build for them. We need to adapt for every single model advancement. We need to make sure our docs are perfectly correct and up to the mark. And don't get me wrong, all of those things matter and we need to do those 100%. But it's also very important to be very use case focused and really understand what do you unlock that brings agents into people's everyday lives and what really helps drive adoption.

16:28 So that's what we're adopting for the next trillion. the agents to come and also all the humans in this room who are helping bring them to life. So, thank you so much. That's my presentation. [applause] Have a good one. [music]